Raoult Francois Marie ( 1830 - 1901 )

 A French physical chemist and founder of subject of solution chemistry. He started his career as a teacher and simultaneously started his research in physical chemistry. In 1867 he became a teacher in the university at Grenoble. In 1870 he devised a new method for finding the alcohol content of wine. This led him to the study of the freezing points of solutions of organic substances. He found that the freezing point of a solution is lower than that of pure solvent and depression in freezing point was related to the quantity of the dissolved solute and to its molar mass . He proved a similar relationship for the effect of a dissolved solute on the vapour pressure of a solution, and also on the elevation of its boiling point.